Пора: Вақте ки порго дар ҳавзи гудохта дар ҳавзи гудохта иборат аст, аз пеш аз мустаҳкам кардани метод ва дар тафаккури боқӣ монад. Газани он метавонад аз ҷониби ҳавзаи гудохта аз берун бархабояд, ё онро тавассути аксуламал дар раванди металлургияи кафшерӣ тавлид кардан мумкин аст.
(1) The main reasons for air holes: there are rust, oil stain, etc. on the surface of base metal or filler metal, and the amount of air holes will increase if the welding rod and flux are not dried, because the rust, oil stain, and the moisture in the coating and flux of the welding rod decompose into gas at high temperature, increasing the content of gas in the high-temperature metal. Нерӯгоҳи кафшерҳо хеле хурд аст ва суръати хунуккунии ҳавзи гудохта калон аст, ки ба фирори газ мусоидат намекунад. Коукидияи нокифояи металлҳои кафшер низ портои оксигенро зиёд хоҳад кард.

а. Remove the oil stain, rust, water and sundries from the welding wire, working groove and its adjacent surfaces.
б. Alkaline welding rods and fluxes shall be used and thoroughly dried.
в. Директори DC ва кафшери кӯтоҳи ариза қабул карда мешавад.
D. Пеш аз кафшер кардани суръати хунуккунӣ.

а. Reduce the content of harmful elements such as sulfur and phosphorus, and weld with materials with low carbon content.
б. Certain alloy elements are added to reduce columnar crystals and segregation. For example, aluminum and iron can refine grains.
в. The weld with shallow penetration shall be used to improve the heat dissipation condition so that the low melting point material floats on the weld surface and does not exist in the weld.
д. Барои коҳиш додани сатҳи хунуккунӣ хшбарии кафолати интихобшуда интихоб карда мешавад ва пеш аз мӯҳлат қабул ва пас аз он қабул карда мешавад.
д. Adopt reasonable assembly sequence to reduce welding stress.

а. Pay attention to the strengthening effect of metallurgical elements and their influence on reheat cracks.
б. Reasonably preheat or use afterheat to control the cooling rate.
в. Reduce residual stress to avoid stress concentration.
д. During tempering, avoid the sensitive temperature zone of reheat cracks or shorten the residence time in this temperature zone.

Чораҳо оид ба пешгирии тарқишҳои хунук:
а. Low hydrogen type alkaline welding rod shall be used, dried strictly, stored at 100-150 ℃, and used when taking.
б. The preheating temperature shall be increased, the post heating measures shall be taken, and the interpass temperature shall not be less than the preheating temperature. The reasonable welding specification shall be selected to avoid brittle and hard structures in the weld.
в. Select reasonable welding sequence to reduce welding deformation and welding stress.
д. Conduct hydrogen elimination heat treatment in time after welding